Introduction
Demolition work is a critical yet complex process that demands meticulous planning and unwavering attention to safety. Whether dismantling old structures or clearing the way for new construction, proper preparation and adherence to safety protocols are essential to protect workers, nearby communities, and the environment.
Before starting any demolition project, the employer and designated personnel must create a comprehensive demolition or project plan. This plan should detail the demolition methods, specify the required equipment, and outline the safety measures essential to ensure the work is carried out securely and efficiently.
Planning Ahead
Planning ahead for a demolition project is just as important as performing the job. Per OSHA, a competent person experienced in all phases of the demolition should conduct the demolition planning. Demolition planning typically includes:
- Having an engineering survey completed by a competent person
- Locating, securing, and/or relocating possible nearby utilities; call 811 before you dig
- Developing fire prevention and evacuation plans
- Developing first aid plans and a list of emergency contacts
- And, performing assessments of health hazards
Hazard identification and risk assessments should be done prior to demolition work. This process is a necessary step in addressing the hazards present, determining the risks, and developing and implementing safety measures. There are many hazards on a demolition site, such as:
- Falling debris
- Structural collapses
- Exposure to hazardous materials, such as lead
- Struck-by risks
- And, falling from heights
Safety Measures
When it comes to demolition work, safety is paramount. To protect everyone involved and minimize risks, it’s essential to follow strict safety measures throughout the entire process. With that in mind, here are some key safety precautions to keep in mind before and during demolition:
- Test for and remove hazardous materials from the structure prior to demolition work
- Shut off or cap all electric, gas, water, steam, sewer, or other service lines
- Begin demolition of exterior walls and floors at the top of the structure and proceed downward
- Never work where a risk of structural collapses exist, unless eliminated through shoring, bracing, or other reliable means
- Do not overload floors with materials
- And, use water to reduce dust
For additional safety information, refer to OSHA’s webpage for Demolition.
Where blasting operations are used, follow safety requirements under 29 CFR 1910. 109 Explosives and Blasting Agents.
Aside from safety practices, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be utilized to add protection against demolition hazards, such as:
- Eye, face, head, hand, and foot protection
- Respiratory protection
- Hearing protection
- And, Personal Fall Arrest Systems (PFAS)
Conclusion
Demolition work requires careful planning and a strong commitment to safety to ensure successful and incident-free projects. By thoroughly preparing and following established safety protocols, employers and workers can protect lives, reduce risks, and complete demolition tasks efficiently.