Introduction
Corrosives safety is a critical aspect of maintaining a safe workplace, especially in environments where hazardous chemicals are used or stored. These substances, which can cause severe damage to living tissue and materials, require strict handling procedures and precautions.
What are the Hazards?
Corrosives pose risks to the eyes, skin, respiratory system, and gastrointestinal tract. The top hazards include chemical burns/blisters, burning sensations, and permanent blindness/scars. Additionally, there are other hazards associated with corrosives, including:
- Skin and Eye Damage – Corrosives can cause burns, irritation, redness, tissue damage, and even blindness
- Respiratory Damage – Inhaling corrosive gases or dust can lead to irritation, burns, and serious respiratory issues
- Ingestion Hazards – Swallowing corrosive substances can cause burns to the mouth, throat, and digestive tract
- Property Damage – Corrosives can corrode metals, weaken containers, and damage other materials
- And, Reactivity – Mixing or diluting corrosives can create hazardous reactions, leading to heat generation and further risks
Types of Corrosive Substances
There are 4 different types of corrosive substances, including:
- Strong acids, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid
- Strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide
- Dehydrating agents, such as sulfuric acids and hydrogen peroxide
- And, halogens, such as bromine
Chemical Burns and Treatment
Chemical burns can be caused by many substances, such as strong acids, paint thinners, and gasoline. Like sunburns, redness and pain from corrosive exposure may develop hours later. If a chemical burn occurs, follow treatment recommendations, such as:
- Remove the Chemical: Flush the chemical off the skin with cold, running water for a minimum of 10 minutes
- Remove Clothing: Any clothing or jewelry that has been contaminated shall be removed
- And, Bandage the Wound: Cover the burn with a sterile gauze bandage, wrapped loosely
**If the burn is severe or the chemical was ingested, seek medical attention immediately**
In the event of an emergency, refer to the SDS for specific first aid instructions for the specific chemical. Emergency eyewash stations and safety showers should be present where accidental exposure to corrosives may occur.
Labels and Hazard Communication
Prior to using corrosives, check the labels to determine if the substance is corrosive. The label should include the following information:
- Harmonized signal word
- Pictogram
- Hazard statement for each hazard class and category
- And, precautionary statements
Per OSHA, pictograms must be on labels to alert users of the chemical hazards they are exposed to. The chemicals Safety Data Sheet (SDS) can be used to provide additional information on the chemical.
Safety Precautions
When working with hazardous corrosives, it is crucial to follow safety precautions, including:
- Review the chemicals SDS for information on the hazards
- Use and store corrosive materials in well-ventilated areas
- Wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as gloves, aprons, acid suits, safety goggles, face shields, respirators, etc.
- Understand emergency procedures
- Use corrosive-resistant equipment
- Use containers meant for corrosives only
- And, store corrosives in suitable, labelled containers away from incompatible materials, in a cool, dry area
Conclusion
Corrosives safety is essential to preventing accidents and ensuring a safe working environment when handling hazardous chemicals. By implementing proper safety protocols, using appropriate personal protective equipment, and training workers on safe handling procedures, the risks associated with corrosive substances can be minimized.