Introduction
Work zone traffic safety is a critical issue that affects both drivers and construction workers alike. As construction projects continue to reshape and improve our infrastructure, the need for heightened awareness and caution in these zones becomes more important than ever.
Hazards and Injuries
Construction workers who perform work in work zones can be exposed to the following hazards:
- Moving construction vehicles
- Noise from motors and vehicles
- Limited visibility from machinery and dust
- Proximity to traffic
- And, inclement weather
In addition to various hazards, workers face a significant risk of injury from both oncoming traffic and the heavy equipment used in these areas. The leading causes of work zone fatalities are runovers, collisions with vehicles or equipment, and being struck by moving vehicles or machinery.
Safety Practices
Typically, dangers exist when traffic is not properly routed or when adequate barriers are not placed to protect the workers. To prevent potential hazards, it is crucial for workers to implement safe practices, such as:
- Follow the Internal Traffic Control Plan (ITCP)
- Perform risk assessments and implement control measures
- Wear appropriate high-visibility clothing
- Ensure barriers and control devices are provided and adequately placed
- Avoid distractions such as listening to music or using cell phones
- Use designated site-specific routes for equipment and foot travel
- And, know where all workers are located within the work zone
Driver Safety
Work zone safety is not just the responsibility of workers, but equally that of drivers. When you’re on the road and you approach a work zone:
- Expect the unexpected
- Slow down
- Maintain a safe distance
- Pay attention
- And, obey traffic signs and flaggers
Traffic Control Devices
Traffic control devices are visual and physical tools used to regulate, warn, and guide traffic and pedestrians through work zones. The most common traffic control devices include:
- Signs – Signs include stop signs, pedestrian crossing signs, and speed limit signs
- Traffic signals – Traffic signs are used to capture attention, provide time for responses, and limit waste time
- Road markings – Road markings are typically on the pavement, curb, sides of islands, or on nearby permanent objects. They can be identified by lines, patterns, words, reflectors, or symbols
- And, barricades – There are 3 primary types of barricades: removable posts, collapsible posts, and fixing posts
Protective Clothing
While working in work zones, wearing protective clothing is essential. Designed to improve visibility, this gear plays a vital role in ensuring the safety of workers. Protective clothing includes:
- Protective helmets/hard hats (type 2)
- ANSI Class 3 vests (high visibility yellow/green having silver retroreflective stripes with orange trim)
- ANSI Class E leggings/chaps (high visibility yellow/green or orange/red required)
- ANSI Class 3 high visibility yellow/green rain gear for inclement weather
- And, protective footwear
Protective clothing shall make the worker visible for at least 1,000 feet. The worker should be able to be seen from any direction and must stand out from their surroundings.
Resources
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) provides work zone safety tips for drivers.
The National Safety Council (NSC) provides information on work zone safety training.
JJ Safety provides safety meetings, safety programs, and online safety training on work zone safety.
Conclusion
Work zone traffic safety is crucial for the protection of both workers and drivers. Whether you’re behind the wheel or working on the site, staying vigilant, following signage, and adhering to safety protocols can make all the difference.