Suspension trauma is a serious and often overlooked condition that can occur when a person is suspended in a harness for an extended period, typically in a fall arrest situation. While the immediate danger of falling is obvious, the risks of suspension trauma are less understood, but they can be just as life-threatening.
Suspension Trauma
Suspension trauma, also known as harness hang syndrome, occurs when a worker falls and is left suspended in a fall arrest harness until rescue can take place. While hanging, the weight of the body is supported by the harness, with the leg straps bearing much of the load. Over time, the pressure from these straps compresses the femoral arteries on the inside of the legs, restricting blood flow and putting the worker at serious risk of life-threatening complications.
Additionally, suspension trauma is particularly dangerous because blood begins to pool in the legs, preventing the brain from receiving the necessary oxygen and circulation. This lack of blood flow to the brain can quickly lead to unconsciousness, and in severe cases, can be fatal.
Symptoms of Suspension Trauma
Symptoms can appear as early as 5 minutes after suspension. Suspension trauma can turn fatal within 10-40 minutes after a fall. There are early symptoms, including:
- Lightheadedness
- Heart palpitations
- And, nausea
There are also later symptoms that can occur, including:
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- And, leg numbness
Rescue Plan
A Fall Rescue Plan (FRP) should be developed before any work-at-height activities begin. Having an FRP in place is essential for ensuring a swift and effective response in the event of a fall. The plan should include:
- Details about the rescue team
- Designated rescue equipment
- Specific procedures for the fall scenario
- Worker training on proper fall protection equipment usage
- A method to quickly contact emergency services
- Site-specific access routes
- And, a plan for post-fall rescue actions, including first aid, securing the scene, etc.
Prevention Tips
There are a few tips that can be used to help prevent suspension trauma, including:
- Limit the time a person is suspended to less than 5 minutes
- Use foothold straps or other means to put weight on the legs
- Select harnesses that are appropriate for the job and for the wearer
- Anchor tie-off lanyards securely
- And, have a fall protection plan that includes a rescue plan
Conclusion
Understanding the risks of suspension trauma and implementing safety measures, such as a well-prepared Fall Rescue Plan, is essential to protecting workers and preventing tragedies. By being aware of the signs and having the right protocols in place, we can ensure that safety remains a top priority when working at heights.