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How to Use an Automated External Defibrillator

When it comes to emergencies, every second counts. One of the most critical tools that can save a life during a sudden cardiac arrest is an Automated External Defibrillator (AED). This portable device can quickly assess a person’s heart rhythm and, if needed, deliver a life-saving shock. Yet, many people are unfamiliar with how to use an AED.

Understanding an AED

An AED is a critical device used to revive individuals experiencing sudden cardiac arrest. Cardiac arrest is a condition where the hearts electrical activity becomes disrupted, leading to a dangerously fast heartbeat.

The primary purpose of an AED is to provide a shock that can help the heart reestablish an effective rhythm. Early defibrillation significantly increases the chance of survival for victims of sudden cardiac arrest.

Types of AED’s

There are 2 types of AED’s: A semi-automated and a fully automated. Semi-automated AED’s require user intervention to deliver a shock. A fully automated AED delivers a shock automatically, without user intervention, if commanded by the device software.

Using the Device

If someone experiences cardiac arrest and an AED is needed, follow these steps:

  • Step 1: Turn on the AED – The device will guide you with clear, step-by-step voice instructions, helping you check for breathing and pulse, as well as how to properly position the electrode pads on the person’s chest
  • Step 2: Deliver the shock – If the device detects an abnormal heart rhythm requiring a shock, it will prompt you to stand back and press a button to deliver the shock, if semi-automated, or it will prompt you to stand back and the device will deliver the shock, if fully automated
  • And, Step 3: Administer CPR, if necessary – Start CPR after the shock is delivered if needed. The AED will guide you through the CPR process

Special Circumstances

The following are special circumstances that may occur when an AED is needed, and what to do in that situation:

  • Hairy Chest: Check the AED for a razor or a second set of electrode pads. If a razor is available, shave the areas where the pads will be applied. If no razor is available, apply the second pair of pads to rip off the chest hair and reapply a new set of pads onto the skin
  • Submerged in Water or is Wet: Remove them from the water source and quickly dry them before applying the pads
  • Implanted Device: If the victim has a pacemaker or defibrillator, avoid placing the pads over the implants
  • And, Transdermal Medication Patches: Remove the patch and wipe away as much medication as possible before applying the AED pads

Children

Children and infants can be treated with an AED using pediatric or adult electrode pads and a pediatric “key” or attenuator. Adult electrode pads can be used on children 8 years and older. Adult pads may also be used on children younger than 8 years old, but will be applied differently. If the child is younger than 8, apply one pad on the front of the chest and the other pad on the back so they do not touch. Once the pads are attached, follow instructions given by the AED.

Training

It is recommended to familiarize yourself with the signs and symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest in order to perform early defibrillation. Formal training to use an AED is not required, however, AED and CPR certifications are recommended to increase your comfort and confidence. These devices are intended to be used by the general public with or without specialized training.

The American Automated External Defibrillators and the American Red Cross provide CPR and AED training.

Conclusion

Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) play a vital role in saving lives during sudden cardiac arrest. Knowing how to use an AED is a crucial skill that can make a life-saving difference in an emergency. With its simple, step-by-step voice prompts, the device is designed to guide even those with no medical training through the process of delivering aid. By staying calm and following the instructions, you can help stabilize someone until professional medical help arrives.

Remember, using an AED quickly and effectively is a key factor in improving survival rates during cardiac emergencies, so take the time to familiarize yourself with this life-saving tool—you never know when it could be the difference between life and death.

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