Introduction
Flagger safety is a critical aspect of managing traffic in construction zones, roadways, and other work environments. Flaggers play a key role in directing traffic and ensuring the safety of both workers and drivers. However, due to the nature of their duties, flaggers face unique risks every day.
Training and Certification
Training and certification requirements for flaggers may vary by state. However, most states require the completion of a flagger safety course certified by the American Traffic Safety Services Association (ATSSA), National Highway Institute (NHI), or the National Safety Council (NSC). Additionally, many states may have their own state certification course or have partnered with local colleges to offer the course with a curriculum that meets ATSSA or similar standards.
Hazards
Statistically, motorists kill about 20 flaggers each year. After seeing a flagger, a motorist traveling 60 MPH needs almost 300 feet to stop. The primary hazards flaggers face are high-speed traffic and potentially aggressive drivers. The proximity of flagging operations to high-speed traffic areas increase the risk of accidents, injuries, and death. Flaggers may also experience frustrated or impatient drivers due to delays which can result in speeding, disregarding traffic signs, and attempting to harm flaggers.
Flagger Safety
To keep yourself safe when performing flagger duties, it is important to avoid dangerous activities. As a general rule, DO NOT:
- Stand where you can be crushed
- Stand in shade, over the crest of a hill, or around a sharp curve
- Leave the flagger position until relieved
- Stand near equipment
- Read, text, or listen to music while working
- Or, turn your back on traffic
Additionally, flaggers should keep their guard up, remain cautious, and stay out of direct danger. A few additional tips for flagger safety include:
- Stand alone on the shoulder in clear view, not in open traffic
- Plan an escape route for emergencies
- Stay in communication with other flaggers
- Stay alert
- And, ensure hand signals do not conflict with traffic signals
Flagger Stations
Flagger stations should be positioned well in advance of work zones, giving approaching vehicles ample time to slow down and stop safely. When determining the location of the flagger station, consider the pavement type, road conditions, approach speed, friction factors, and tire capabilities. Lights shall be installed at flagger stations during nighttime work.
Personal Protective Clothing
Flaggers must wear high-visibility clothing that meets local, state, and federal requirements. This includes a neon orange, yellow, or green vest. Flagger attire must also meet specific requirements, such as:
- ANSI Type 2 Protective Helmet or Hard Hat
- ANSI Class 3 Vest – High visibility yellow/green having silver retroreflective stripes with orange trim
- ANSI Class E Leggings & Chaps – High visibility yellow/green or orange/red required
- ANSI Class 3 Rain Gear – High visibility yellow/green for inclement weather
- And, proper footwear
Night work demands heightened visibility, so flaggers must wear reflective gear that can be seen from at least 1,000 feet in darkness.
Resources
Additional information for flagger safety can be found in Part 6 of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD).
Conclusion
Flagger safety is vital to preventing accidents and ensuring smooth traffic flow in work zones. By adhering to proper safety protocols, using the right equipment, and staying vigilant, flaggers can minimize risks and protect themselves, workers, and the public.